Orange kyanite is a rare gemstone that is formed through a process called regional metamorphism, which occurs when rocks are subjected to high pressure and low to moderate temperatures. The formation process starts with pre-existing rocks called protoliths that are rich in aluminum. In the next step, clay minerals and feldspars in the protoliths recrystallize. When the pressure is high enough and the temperature is relatively low, kyanite crystals begin to grow.
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